{"data":{"id":80530,"api_model":"artworks","api_link":"https:\/\/api.artic.edu\/api\/v1\/artworks\/80530","is_boosted":false,"title":"Virgin and Child with an Angel","alt_titles":null,"thumbnail":{"lqip":"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAwAFAPMAACEzNCc8PlZGOTlSWFBQRHFkR3FnSm1kVHFiUH5pVXBpXY6CaJaCYYyNeoePgAAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAADAAUAAAQL0LW0mCpoGBEOAREAOw==","width":7373,"height":10709,"alt_text":"A light-skinned, blond Virgin Mary in blue holds a child, his arms reaching around her neck and face upturned toward hers. At left, an angel looks on."},"main_reference_number":"1954.283","has_not_been_viewed_much":false,"boost_rank":null,"date_start":1475,"date_end":1485,"date_display":"1475\u201385","date_qualifier_title":"","date_qualifier_id":null,"artist_display":"Sandro Botticelli (Italian, 1444\/45\u20131510)","place_of_origin":"Italy","description":"<p>In this humanizing yet idealized depiction of the Virgin Mary embracing the baby Jesus, Sandro Botticelli conveyed the sacred beauty of maternal love. Mary, her expression soft and her skin luminous, nuzzles her son\u2019s chubby cheek as he grasps the nape of her neck. An angel, smaller in scale, looks on adoringly. Highly celebrated in his own lifetime, Botticelli developed a distinctly sentimental and tactile style of painting for both religious and secular subjects.<\/p>\n","short_description":"Sandro Botticelli's humanizing yet idealized depiction of the Virgin Mary embracing the baby Jesus conveys the sacred beauty of maternal love. Mary nuzzles her son\u2019s chubby cheek as he grasps the nape of her neck. An angel looks on adoringly. Celebrated in his own time, Botticelli developed a distinctly sentimental and tactile style of painting for both religious and secular subjects.","dimensions":"85.8 \u00d7 59.1 cm (33 3\/4 \u00d7 23 1\/4 in.); Framed: 106.7 \u00d7 80.1 \u00d7 7.7 cm (42 \u00d7 31 1\/2 \u00d7 3 in.)","dimensions_detail":[{"depth":null,"width":59,"height":85,"diameter":null,"clarification":null},{"depth":7,"width":80,"height":106,"diameter":null,"clarification":"Framed"}],"medium_display":"Tempera on panel","inscriptions":null,"credit_line":"Max and Leola Epstein Collection","catalogue_display":null,"publication_history":"Adolfo Venturi, \u201cUne Oeuvre inconnue de Botticelli,\u201d Gazette des beaux-arts 3d ser., 38 (1907), pp. 5\u201311, ill.\n\nJ. A. Crowe and G. B. Cavalcaselle, A History of Painting in Italy, ed. R. Langton Douglas, 2d ed., vol. 4 (New York, 1911), 271.\n\nAdolfo Venturi, Storia dell\u2019arte italiana, vol. 7, pt. 1 (Milan, 1911), pp. 601\u201304, fig. 339.\n\nAdolfo Venturi, Botticelli (London, 1925), p. 116, pl. CLXXXV.\n\nYukio Yashiro, Sandro Botticelli, vol. 1 (London and Boston, 1925), pp. 227, 234; rev. ed. (London and Boston, 1929), p. 239.\n\nWilhelm von Bode, Botticelli: Des Meisters Werke, Klassiker der Kunst 30 (Berlin and Leipzig, 1926), p. 4, ill.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago Bulletin 22 (1928), pp. 76, 82, cover ill.\n\nOld Masters in the Collection of Max Epstein (Chicago, 1928), ill., n. p.\n\nRose Valland, \u201cUne Madone de Botticelli,\u201d La Renaissance 11 (1928), p. 354, ill.\n\nEsther Singleton, Old World Masters in New World Collections (New York, 1929), pp. 64\u201366, ill.\n\nRaimond van Marle, The Development of the Italian Schools of Painting, vol. 12 (The Hague, 1931), p. 46, fig. 12.\n\nClarence Joseph Bulliet, Art Masterpieces in a Century of Progress Fine Arts Exhibition at the Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1933), no. 28, ill, n. p.\n\nAlfred M. Frankfurter, \u201cArt in the Century of Progress,\u201d Fine Arts 20 (1933), pp. 11, ill, 60.\u2028\nCarlo Gamba, Botticelli (Milan 1936), p. 94.\n\nJacques Mesnil, Botticelli (Paris, 1938), p. 225.\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago Quarterly 48 (1954), p. 77.\n\nRoberto Salvini, Tutta la pittura del Botticelli, vol. 1, (Milan, 1958), pp. 67\u201368, 74, pl. 128.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, Paintings in The Art Institute of Chicago: A Catalogue of the Picture Collection (Chicago, 1961), p. 29.\n\nRoberto Salvini, All the Paintings of Botticelli, trans. John Grillenzoni, pt. 2 (New York, 1965), pp. 75\u201376, 83, pl. 128. \n\nFrederick A. Sweet, \u201cGreat Chicago Collectors,\u201d Apollo 84 (1966), p. 203, fig. 37.\n\nMichael Levy and Gabriele Mandel, The Complete Paintings of Botticelli, Eng. ed. (New York, 1967), p. 86, no. 9, fig. 9.\n\nJohn Maxon, The Art Institute of Chicago (New York, 1970), pp. 30\u201331, ill.\n\nBurton B. Fredericksen and Federico Zeri, Census of Pre-Nineteenth-Century Italian Paintings in North American Public Collections (Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1972), pp. 33, 328, 571.\n\nRonald Lightbrown, Sandro Botticelli, vol. 2 (London, 1978), p. 17, no. A13, ill.\n\nNicoletta Pons, Botticelli: catalogo completo (Milan, 1989), p. 55, no. 8, ill.\n\nGlad Tidings of Great Joy: Christmas at the Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1993), p. 93, ill. frontpiece.\n\nChristopher Lloyd, Italian Paintings before 1600 in the Art Institute of Chicago: A Catalogue of the Collection (Chicago, 1993), pp.41\u201344, ill.\n\nLarry J. Feinberg, \u201cA Brief History of the Old Masters in the Art Institute of Chicago,\u201d Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies, 32 (2006), p. 18, fig. 13.\n\nCristina Acidini, Botticelli nel suo tempo (Milan, 2009), pp. 92\u201393, ill.\n\nAndreas Schumacher, ed., Botticelli: Likeness, Myth, Devotion, exh. cat. (Ostfildern, 2009), p. 101, fig. 61.","exhibition_history":"The Art Institute of Chicago, Old Masters from the Collections of Cyrus H. McCormick and Max Epstein, 1928 (no cat.).\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago, Summer Exhibition: Old Masters Lent by Max Epstein, 1930 (no cat.).\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago, A Century of Progress, 1933, no. 108.\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago, A Century of Progress, 1934, no. 45.\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago, The Christmas Story in Art, 1938\u201339 (no cat.).\n\nThe University of Chicago, The Renaissance Society, Max Epstein Memorial Exhibition, 1955, no. 3.\n\nThe Art Institute of Chicago, New Light on Old Masters, Early Italian Paintings in the Art Institute of Chicago, May 29\u2013July 31, 1993, no cat.\n\nMuseo di Palazzo Strozzi, Sandro Botticelli, March 11 \u2013 July 11, 2004, no. 26.","provenance_text":"Possibly Dr. Paoletti, Florence [according to a note in the curatorial file, recording the remark of a Dr. Richter, presumably Jean Paul, during a visit to the Epstein home in June 1935]. Jules F\u00e9ral, Paris, 1907\u201319 [according to Lightbown 1978]; sold by F\u00e9ral to a Scandinavian collector, 1919 [according to Lightbown 1978]. Arnold van Buuren, Naarden, Holland; sold, Sotheby Mak van Waay, Amsterdam, May 26\u201327, 1925, lot 20, for 25,500 guilders [according to an annotated copy of the sale catalogue in the Getty Research Institute]. Max Epstein (d. 1954), Chicago, from 1925 or 1928 to 1954 [Levey and Mandel 1967 stated that Epstein purchased the work in 1925, but it may not have arrived in the United States until May 1928, corresponding to registrar\u2019s records dated May 15, 1928]; bequeathed to the Art Institute, 1954; on loan to his widow, Leola Epstein, Chicago, 1955\u201368.","edition":null,"publishing_verification_level":"Web Cataloged","internal_department_id":14,"fiscal_year":1955,"fiscal_year_deaccession":null,"is_public_domain":true,"is_zoomable":true,"max_zoom_window_size":-1,"copyright_notice":null,"has_multimedia_resources":true,"has_educational_resources":false,"has_advanced_imaging":false,"colorfulness":29.5118,"color":{"h":38,"l":32,"s":25,"percentage":0.27136200466742644,"population":2800},"latitude":41.8793887278439,"longitude":-87.6234263005944,"latlon":"41.879388727844,-87.623426300594","is_on_view":true,"on_loan_display":null,"gallery_title":"Gallery 205","gallery_id":2147483635,"nomisma_id":null,"artwork_type_title":"Painting","artwork_type_id":1,"department_title":"Painting and Sculpture of Europe","department_id":"PC-10","artist_id":33710,"artist_title":"Sandro Botticelli","alt_artist_ids":[],"artist_ids":[33710],"artist_titles":["Sandro Botticelli"],"category_ids":["PC-10"],"category_titles":["Painting and Sculpture of Europe"],"term_titles":["tempera","tempera","panel painting","Renaissance","Virgin and child\/Madonna and child","mother","Italian","paint","organic material","paint","painting","panel (wood)","wood (plant material)","painting","painting (image making)","painting techniques","15th century","angels","children","Christian subjects","Christianity","families","family","holy family","interior","love","religion","religious","woman","woman with children","painting","european painting","Century of Progress","world's fairs","Chicago World's Fairs"],"style_id":"TM-5891","style_title":"Renaissance","alt_style_ids":["TM-14074"],"style_ids":["TM-5891","TM-14074"],"style_titles":["Renaissance","15th century"],"classification_id":"TM-153","classification_title":"tempera","alt_classification_ids":["TM-14164","TM-10387","TM-9","TM-54"],"classification_ids":["TM-153","TM-14164","TM-10387","TM-9","TM-54"],"classification_titles":["tempera","Italian","paint","painting","european painting"],"subject_id":"TM-8779","alt_subject_ids":["TM-13798","TM-12268","TM-10118","TM-8767","TM-12372","TM-10123","TM-13584","TM-8860","TM-14037","TM-12167","TM-11421","TM-14384","TM-13813","TM-15267","TM-12169","TM-11299","TM-12176"],"subject_ids":["TM-8779","TM-13798","TM-12268","TM-10118","TM-8767","TM-12372","TM-10123","TM-13584","TM-8860","TM-14037","TM-12167","TM-11421","TM-14384","TM-13813","TM-15267","TM-12169","TM-11299","TM-12176"],"subject_titles":["Virgin and child\/Madonna and child","mother","angels","children","Christian subjects","Christianity","families","family","holy family","interior","love","religion","religious","woman","woman with children","Century of Progress","world's fairs","Chicago World's Fairs"],"material_id":"TM-2405","alt_material_ids":["TM-2601","TM-2577","TM-13502","TM-3644","TM-2431"],"material_ids":["TM-2405","TM-2601","TM-2577","TM-13502","TM-3644","TM-2431"],"material_titles":["tempera","organic material","paint","painting","panel (wood)","wood (plant material)"],"technique_id":"TM-3975","alt_technique_ids":["TM-14210","TM-3891","TM-3971"],"technique_ids":["TM-3975","TM-14210","TM-3891","TM-3971"],"technique_titles":["panel painting","painting","painting (image making)","painting techniques"],"theme_titles":[],"image_id":"b59cc3e9-a7c0-5aa1-1a22-bb472bb2e6d4","alt_image_ids":[],"document_ids":["cacd57e6-36eb-a161-c5a2-a5137ceee20e"],"sound_ids":["cacd57e6-36eb-a161-c5a2-a5137ceee20e"],"video_ids":[],"text_ids":[],"section_ids":[],"section_titles":[],"site_ids":[],"suggest_autocomplete_all":[{"input":["1954.283"],"contexts":{"groupings":["accession"]}},{"input":["Virgin and Child with an Angel"],"weight":15315,"contexts":{"groupings":["title"]}}],"source_updated_at":"2026-03-09T15:20:37-05:00","updated_at":"2026-08-27T15:11:33-05:00","timestamp":"2026-09-06T05:52:39-05:00"},"info":{"license_text":"The `description` field in this response is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License (CC-By) and the Terms and Conditions of artic.edu. All other data in this response is licensed under a Creative Commons Zero (CC0) 1.0 designation and the Terms and Conditions of artic.edu.","license_links":["https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/","https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/terms"],"version":"1.15"},"config":{"iiif_url":"https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/iiif\/2","website_url":"http:\/\/www.artic.edu"}}