{"data":{"id":72801,"api_model":"artworks","api_link":"https:\/\/api.artic.edu\/api\/v1\/artworks\/72801","is_boosted":true,"title":"Icebound","alt_titles":null,"thumbnail":{"lqip":"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhBgAFAPQAAHyNh3yVk36bl5Gjn5Smo5qrqJquq6WyrqS3tb3FubnFvMXEvbbGwLrHwsDJw8jLwMjMxc3Px8POzMnSyszSydHWy9XVytfYzc\/b2NbZ09Xa0tfd1Obl2+Xk3QAAAAAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAAGAAUAAAUY4KYwGJRMlSMtj0YYSGEBQnA010BFXJeFADs=","width":4707,"height":3938,"alt_text":"Winter landscape painting with rocky stream lined by orange leafed trees."},"main_reference_number":"1917.200","has_not_been_viewed_much":false,"boost_rank":null,"date_start":1889,"date_end":1889,"date_display":"c. 1889","date_qualifier_title":"c.","date_qualifier_id":60,"artist_display":"John Henry Twachtman (American, 1853\u20131902)","place_of_origin":"Greenwich","description":"<p>During the last decade of his life, John Henry Twachtman frequently painted views of the landscape surrounding his home in Greenwich, Connecticut. In a departure from typically barren images of winter, he enjoyed depicting the beauty of the frozen terrain, believing that it was conducive to contemplation and regeneration. The dense layers of paint in <em>Icebound<\/em> mimic the accumulation of snow on frozen ground, and the sinuous curves that define the snow and ice against the water suggest movement in an otherwise tranquil environment. Almost square in format, the painting\u2019s harmonious composition exemplifies Twachtman\u2019s opinion that \u201cnever is nature more lovely than when it is snowing.\u201d<\/p>\n","short_description":"During the last decade of his life, John Henry Twachtman frequently painted views of the landscape surrounding his home in Greenwich, Connecticut. Almost square in format, this painting\u2019s harmonious composition exemplifies Twachtman\u2019s opinion that \u201cnever is nature more lovely than when it is snowing.\u201d He enjoyed depicting the beauty of the frozen terrain, believing that it was conducive to contemplation and regeneration.","dimensions":"64.2 \u00d7 76.6 cm (25 5\/16 \u00d7 30 3\/16 in.)","dimensions_detail":[{"depth":null,"width":76,"height":64,"diameter":null,"clarification":null}],"medium_display":"Oil on canvas","inscriptions":"Signed recto, bottom-right, on snowy ground, in grey paint: \"J. H. TWACHTMAN\".","credit_line":"Friends of American Art Collection","catalogue_display":null,"publication_history":"Milwaukee Art Institute, <em>Catalogue of an Exhibition of Forty Paintings Presented to the Art Institute of Chicago by the Friends of American Art<\/em>, exh. cat. (Milwaukee Art Institute, 1925), n.p., cat. 37 (ill.), as <em>Snow Bound<\/em>.\n\nJames L. Yarnall, \"John H. Twachtman's <em>Icebound<\/em>,\" <em>Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago<\/em> 71, no. 1 (Jan.\u2013Feb., 1977), 1\u20135, fig. 2 (ill.).\nWilliam H. Gerdts, American Impressionism (Abbeville Press, 1984), no. 120, 111, ill.\n\nBruce Weber and William Gerdts, In Nature\u2019s Ways: American Landscape Painting of the Late Nineteenth Century (West Palm Beach: Norton Gallery of Art, 1987, cat. no. 69, 70 ill.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, Master Paintings in the Art Institute of Chicago (Boston and Toronto: Little, Brown, 1988), 98, ill.\n\nPatricia J. Singer, \u201cChilly Scenes of Winter,\u201d Connoisseur, 220, 936, (January 1990), 24, ill.\n\nWilliam H. Gerdts, American Impressionism (Einsiedeln: Eidolon AG, 1990), no. 41, 76\u201377, ill.\n\nWilliam H. Gerdts, Art Across America: Two Centuries of Regional Painting 1710\u20131920 (Abbeville Press, 1990), vol. 1, 9, 68, 118\u2013121, 132, 177, 208, 258, 119, fig. 1.120, ill.\n\nH. Barbara Weinberg, Doreen Bolger, and David Park Curry, <em>American Impressionsim and Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885\u20131915<\/em>, exh. cat. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994), 61\u201363, 367, cat. 81, fig. 49 (ill.).\n\nJudith A. Barter, et al., <em>The Age of American Impressionism: Masterpieces from the Art Institute of Chicago<\/em> (Art Institute of Chicago, 2011), cat. 58 (ill.).\n\nPaintings at the Art Institute of Chicago: Highlights of the Collection, (Art Institute of Chicago\/Yale University Press, 2017) p. 76.","exhibition_history":"Art Institute of Chicago, Second Annual Exhibition, American Oil Paintings, May 30\u2013June 30, 1889, no. 39.\n\nNew York, Clarke\u2019s Art Rooms, Valuable Modern Paintings Which Includes the collection of John Forsythe, Esq\u2026, Nov. 6\u20137, 1913, no. 119.\n\nNew York, N.E. Montross Gallery, Exhibition of Pictures by Modern American Masters, Apr. 17\u2013May 5, 1917, no. 27.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, Special Exhibition of the Works in the Friends of American Art Collection, May 15\u2013June 15, 1919.\n\nMilwaukee Art Institute, <em>An Exhibition of Forty Paintings Presented to the Art Institute of Chicago by the Friends of American Art<\/em>, Mar. 1\u201329, 1925, cat. 37, as <em>Snow Bound<\/em>.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/exhibitions\/5626\/a-century-of-progress-loan-exhibition-of-paintings-and-sculpture-1933\"><em>A Century of Progress: Exhibition of Paintings and Sculpture<\/em><\/a>, May 23\u2013Oct. 31, 1933, cat. 485, as <em>Snow Bound<\/em>.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/exhibitions\/3355\/a-century-of-progress-loan-exhibition-of-art-for-1934\"><em>A Century of Progress<\/em><\/a>, June 1\u2013Oct. 31, 1934, cat. 462, as <em>Snow Bound<\/em>.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, Half a Century of American Art, Nov. 16, 1939\u2013Jan. 7, 1940, no. 166, ill. pl. IV, as Snow\u2013Bound.\n\nMilwaukee\u2013Downer College, Wisconsin, A Century of Landscape Painting by American Artists, 1851\u20131951, Feb. 13\u2013Mar. 23, 1951, no. 8 as Snowbound. \n\nNorthampton, Massachusetts, Smith College Museum of Art, An Exhibition of American Paintings for a Professor of American Art, Charles Chetham and Charles H. Morgan, May\u2013Jun, 1964, no. 13, ill. as Snowbound.\n\nSpringfield, Illinois State Museum, Nineteenth Century American Paintings, Mar. 5\u2013Apr. 24, 1966; Iowa, Davenport Municipal Art Gallery, May 19\u2013June 5, 1966.\n\nCincinnati Art Museum, A Retrospective Exhibition: John Henry Twachtman, Oct. 7\u2013Nov. 20, 1966, Richard J. Boyle, no. 72, ill. p. 7 as Snow Bound (Ice Bound).\n\nSeattle, University of Washington, Henry Gallery, The View and the Vision: Landscape Painting in Nineteenth\u2013Century America, Jan. 2\u2013Feb. 4, 1968, Roger B. Stein, no. 35, ill. p. 29 as Snowbound.\n\nWashington, DC, National Gallery of Art, American Impressionist Painting, July 1\u2013Aug. 26, 1973, no. 60, ill. p. 128 as Snow\u2013Bound; New York, Museum of American Art, Sept. 18\u2013Nov. 2; Cincinnati Art Museum, Dec. 15\u2013Jan. 31, 1974; Raleigh, North Carolina Museum of Art, Mar. 8\u2013Apr. 29.\n\nNew York, Coe Kerr Gallery, Masters of American Impressionism, Mar. 9\u2013Apr. 3, 1976, no. 15, ill. as Snowbound.\n\nBonn, Germany, Rheinisches Landesmuseum, Two Hundred Years of American Painting, June 30\u2013July 31, 1976, no. 28; Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Museum of Modern Art, Aug. 20\u2013Sept. 17, 1976; Rome, Italy, Galleria Nazionale d\u2019Arte Moderna, Oct\u2013Nov. 1976; Warsaw, National Museum of Poland, Nov. 27\u2013Dec. 4, 1976.\n\nSeattle, University of Washington, Henry Art Gallery, American Impressionism, Jan. 3\u2013Mar. 2, 1980; University of California at Los Angeles, Frederick S. Wight Gallery, Mar. 9\u2013May 4, 1980; Evanston, Terra Museum of American Art, May 16\u2013June 22, 1980; Boston, Institute of Contemporary Art, Nov. 27\u2013Dec. 4, 1980.\n\nWest Palm Beach, Florida, Norton Gallery of Art, John Twachtman, Connecticut Landscapes, Feb. 21\u2013Apr. 12, 1987, no. 69, p. 70 ill.; National Academy of Design, May 8\u2013Aug. 16, 1987; Chicago, Terra Museum of American Art, Sept. 10\u2013Nov. 1, 1987.\n\nNew York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, <em>American Impressionism and Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885\u20131915<\/em>, May 10\u2013July 24, 1994, cat. 81; Fort Worth, Amon Carter Museum, Aug. 21\u2013Oct. 30, 1994; Denver Art Museum, Dec. 3, 1994\u2013Feb. 5, 1995; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Mar. 12\u2013May 14, 1995.\n\nWest Palm Beach, Florida, Norton Museum of Art, George Bellows: Love of Winter, Dec. 6, 1997\u2013Feb. 8, 1998; Newark Museum, Mar. 7\u2013May 31, 1998; Columbus Museum of Art, July 10\u2013Sept. 13, 1998. \n\nCincinnati Art Museum, John Twachtman: An American Impressionist, June 6\u2013Sept. 5, 1999, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, Oct. 16, 1999\u2013Jan. 2, 2000 and Atlanta, High Museum of Art, Feb. 26\u2013May 21, 2000.","provenance_text":"John Forsythe, Esq., New York, by 1913; sold, Clarke Auction Rooms, New York, Forsythe sale, Nov. 6-7, lot 119 [as \"Snowbound\"], to Montross Gallery, New York, 1917; sold to Paul Schulze Sr. (1864\u20131943) and Ida Schulze (1871\u20131956; born Ida Johl), Chicago, 1917; sold to the Friends of American Art, Art Institute of Chicago, 1917; given to the Art Institute of Chicago, 1917.","edition":null,"publishing_verification_level":"Web Cataloged","internal_department_id":21,"fiscal_year":null,"fiscal_year_deaccession":null,"is_public_domain":true,"is_zoomable":true,"max_zoom_window_size":-1,"copyright_notice":null,"has_multimedia_resources":false,"has_educational_resources":false,"has_advanced_imaging":false,"colorfulness":21.4028,"color":{"h":173,"l":36,"s":52,"percentage":0.0025203391368342526,"population":15},"latitude":null,"longitude":null,"latlon":null,"is_on_view":false,"on_loan_display":null,"gallery_title":null,"gallery_id":null,"nomisma_id":null,"artwork_type_title":"Painting","artwork_type_id":1,"department_title":"Arts of the Americas","department_id":"PC-3","artist_id":37048,"artist_title":"John Henry Twachtman","alt_artist_ids":[],"artist_ids":[37048],"artist_titles":["John Henry Twachtman"],"category_ids":["PC-831","PC-3"],"category_titles":["Essentials","Arts of the Americas"],"term_titles":["painting","landscapes","oil paint (paint)","Impressionism","oil painting","organic material","winter","snow","trees","american arts","weather\/seasons","water","Century of Progress","world's fairs","Chicago World's Fairs","painting (image making)"],"style_id":"TM-7543","style_title":"Impressionism","alt_style_ids":[],"style_ids":["TM-7543"],"style_titles":["Impressionism"],"classification_id":"TM-9","classification_title":"painting","alt_classification_ids":["TM-2191"],"classification_ids":["TM-9","TM-2191"],"classification_titles":["painting","american arts"],"subject_id":"TM-8657","alt_subject_ids":["TM-12160","TM-12159","TM-11205","TM-10095","TM-8681","TM-12169","TM-11299","TM-12176"],"subject_ids":["TM-8657","TM-12160","TM-12159","TM-11205","TM-10095","TM-8681","TM-12169","TM-11299","TM-12176"],"subject_titles":["landscapes","winter","snow","trees","weather\/seasons","water","Century of Progress","world's fairs","Chicago World's Fairs"],"material_id":"TM-2451","alt_material_ids":["TM-2601"],"material_ids":["TM-2451","TM-2601"],"material_titles":["oil paint (paint)","organic material"],"technique_id":"TM-4273","alt_technique_ids":["TM-3891"],"technique_ids":["TM-4273","TM-3891"],"technique_titles":["oil painting","painting (image making)"],"theme_titles":["Essentials"],"image_id":"3ae75415-0551-ae17-c478-3b8687a6f246","alt_image_ids":[],"document_ids":[],"sound_ids":[],"video_ids":[],"text_ids":[],"section_ids":[],"section_titles":[],"site_ids":[],"suggest_autocomplete_boosted":"Icebound","suggest_autocomplete_all":[{"input":["1917.200"],"contexts":{"groupings":["accession"]}},{"input":["Icebound"],"weight":9967,"contexts":{"groupings":["title"]}}],"source_updated_at":"2026-08-14T16:31:26-05:00","updated_at":"2026-08-25T23:27:58-05:00","timestamp":"2026-09-06T05:52:06-05:00"},"info":{"license_text":"The `description` field in this response is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License (CC-By) and the Terms and Conditions of artic.edu. 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