{"data":{"id":44018,"api_model":"artworks","api_link":"https:\/\/api.artic.edu\/api\/v1\/artworks\/44018","is_boosted":true,"title":"Croquet Scene","alt_titles":null,"thumbnail":{"lqip":"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhCAAFAPUAACskDzQpDjkqDz8wBT40CT4yDi8oEzcrFD4wEz02G0AsEEksEEM3FkI3F0o+EkQ0GEY+GkU9H0c+IUc7JUk6IktCFU5AGEtEG1JMHGVNGkxHJE1HKUxMK0JINVpUMXFQNnJTPzZLQidhbkJlXmllT3p7XXl9Z5E\/MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACH5BAAAAAAALAAAAAAIAAUAAAYlwI1AEQAkGI3HhHQwfBaIjGcUoZxAGEtI1JGYShWIhnNxEAaFIAA7","width":6246,"height":3808,"alt_text":"Painting of four figures in blue, red, brown dresses playing croquet."},"main_reference_number":"1942.35","has_not_been_viewed_much":false,"boost_rank":null,"date_start":1866,"date_end":1866,"date_display":"1866","date_qualifier_title":"","date_qualifier_id":null,"artist_display":"Winslow Homer (American, 1836\u20131910)","place_of_origin":"United States","description":"<p>One of America\u2019s foremost painters, Winslow Homer began his career as an illustrator during the Civil War. In the late 1860s, he turned his acute observational and technical skills toward oil painting, depicting figures bathed in sunlight out-of-doors. These early paintings, often executed in series, feature scenes of upper-class leisure pursuits\u2014in this case, women and men competing with one another in the popular sport of croquet, which had recently been introduced to the United States from the British Isles. In <em>Croquet Scene<\/em>, one of five paintings Homer completed on the subject, progress on \u201cthe grand round\u201d seems fairly advanced. The crouching male figure positions the ball belonging to the woman dressed in red. She is about to croquet (or \u201csend up the country\u201d) another ball, probably belonging to the woman in the left foreground, who shields her eyes against the bright afternoon sun. Notable for its bold patterning, strong contours, and brilliant light effects, the painting epitomizes the spirit of a breezy summer afternoon.<\/p>\n","short_description":"One of America\u2019s foremost painters, Winslow Homer began his career as an illustrator. In the late 1860s, he turned to oil painting, depicting figures bathed in sunlight. These early paintings feature scenes of upper-class leisure pursuits\u2014in this case, women and men playing the popular sport of croquet, a game that had recently been introduced to the United States from the British Isles.","dimensions":"40.3 \u00d7 66.2 cm (15 7\/8 \u00d7 26 1\/16 in.)","dimensions_detail":[{"depth":null,"width":66,"height":40,"diameter":null,"clarification":null}],"medium_display":"Oil on canvas","inscriptions":"Signed, lower right: \"WINSLOW HOMER\/-66-\"","credit_line":"Friends of American Art Collection; Goodman Fund","catalogue_display":null,"publication_history":"M. Bruening, \u201cCurrent Exhibitions,\u201d Parnassus 9 (Jan. 1937), 32\u201334 (ill.).\n\nMagazine of Art 32 (June 3, 1939), 331 (ill.).\n\nArt Institute of Chicago Annual Report for the Year, 1941\u2013 1942 (Art Institute of Chicago, 1942), 7, ill. p. 139.\n\nJ. Walker et al., Great American Painting from Smibert to Bellows, 1729\u20131924 (Oxford University Press, 1943), 59 (ill.).\n\nArt Digest 17 (Feb. 15, 1943), 16 (ill.).\n\nFrederick Sweet, \u201cCroquet Scene by Winslow Homer,\u201d Bulletin of The Art Institute of Chicago 37 (Dec. 1943), 98\u201399 (ill.).\n\nLloyd Goodrich, Winslow Homer (MacMillan Company, 1944), pl. 7.\n\nLloyd Goodrich, \u201cYoung Winslow Homer,\u201d Magazine of Art 37 (Feb. 1944), 58\u201363 (ill.).\n\nHenry\u2013Russell Hitchcock, \u201cAmerican Painting at the Art Institute,\u201d Art Institute Quarterly 45 (Sept. 15, 1951), ill. p. 47 and detail ill. on cover.\n\nLloyd Goodrich, Winslow Homer (George Braziller, 1959), pl. 6.\n\nPaintings in The Art Institute of Chicago: A Catalogue of the Picture Collection (Art Institute of Chicago,1961), 218, ill. p. 378.\n\nAlbert Ten Eyck, Winslow Homer, American Artists: His World and His Work (New York, Clarkson N. Potter, Inc., 1961), 101 (ill.).\n\nTime 79 (Jan. 12, 1962), ill.\n\nH. Ingalls, \u201cElements in the Development of Winslow Homer,\u201d Art Journal 24 (Fall 1964), 18\u201322, ill. p. 331.\n\nRichard McLanathan, The American Tradition in the Arts (Harcourt Brace and World, Inc., 1968), 168 (ill.).\n\nBarbara Novak, American Painting of the Nineteenth Century (Praeger, 1969), 168 (ill.).\n\nJohn Shapley, ed., The Index of Twentieth Century Artists 4 (New York, College Art Association, 1934) vol. 1; reprint ed., (New York:,Arno Press, 1970), 24\u201337, 56\u201360.\n\nPierre Courthion, Impressionism, trans. by John Shapley (Harry N. Abrams, 1972), 110 (ill.). \n\nLloyd Goodrich, Winslow Homer, exh. cat., (Whitney Museum of American Art \/ New York Graphic Society Ltd., 1973), 55 (ill.).\n\nJohn Wilmerding, ed., The Genius of American Painting (New York, William Morrow & Company, 1973), 1973 (ill.).\n\nSharah B. Sherrill, \u201cCurrent and Coming: Winslow Homer Retrospective,\u201d Antiques 103 (Apr. 1973), 602 (ill.).\n\nLois Fink, \u201cAmerican Artists in France, 1850\u20131870,\u201d American Art Journal 5 (Nov. 1973), 32\u201349 (ill.).\n\nMilton W. Brown, American Art to 1900 (Abrams, 1977), 571, no. 69.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, Department of Museum Education, Comments on Selected Paintings in the Collection of The Art Institute of Chicago, prelim. ed., 1965, 34.\n\nJohn Maxon, The Art Institute of Chicago (Harry N. Abrams, Inc. 1970), 265.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, One Hundred Masterpieces, (R.R. Donnelley and Sons Company, 1978), 88 (ill.).\n\n\u201cThe Collections\u2013American Arts\u201d Chicago History 8 (Spring 1979), 34\u201336 (ill.).\n\nPocketguide to The Art Institute of Chicago (Art Institute of Chicago, 1983), 37, no. 50.\n\nDavid Park Curry, Winslow Homer, The Croquet Game (Yale University Press, 1984), no. 20.\n\nTom Armstrong, \u201cThe New Field\u2013McCormick Galleries in the Art Institute of Chicago,\u201d Magazine Antiques 134, 4 (Oct. 1988), 822\u201335, pl. XI.\n\nMaster Paintings in The Art Institute of Chicago (Little, Brown, and Company, 1988), 84 (ill.).\n\nMilo M. Naeve, \u201cThe Edwardian Era and Patrons of American Art at The Art Institute of Chicago: The Birth of a Tradition,\u201d America\u2019s International Exposition of Fine Arts and Antiques (Lakeside Group, 1988), 22, fig. 3.\n\nMarvin D. Schwartz, \u201cThe Art Institute\u2019s New Wing,\u201d Antiques and the Arts Weekly (Nov. 4, 1988), 1, 60\u201362 (ill.).\n\nJules D. Prown, \u201cWinslow Homer in His Art,\u201d Smithsonian Studies in American Art 1, 1 (Spring 1987), 31\u201336, no. 8.\n\nStuart Klawans, \u201cThe Art Institute of Chicago at the Crossroads of America,\u201d Business Week, Special Advertising Section, 3180 (Oct. 1, 1990), 81\u2013118, ill. p. 115.\n\nJudith A. Barter, et al., American Arts at The Art Institute of Chicago: From Colonial Times to World War I (Art Institute of Chicago, 1998).\n\nMark Sidwell, U.S. History Student Textbook, 3rd edition, (Bob Jones University Press, 2001), ill.\n\nJudith A. Barter, et al., <em>The Age of American Impressionism: Masterpieces from the Art Institute of Chicago<\/em> (Art Institute of Chicago, 2011), cat. 1.","exhibition_history":"New York, Macbeth Gallery, An Introduction to Homer, Dec. 15\u2013Jan. 18, 1937, cat. 69.\n\nNew York City, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Life in America, cat. 217.\n\nMuseum of Fine Arts, Boston, Sport in American Art, Oct. 10\u2013Dec. 10, 1944, cat. 56.\n\nUtica, Munson\u2013Williams\u2013Proctor Institute, Paintings by Winslow Homer and Thomas Eakins, Dec. 1\u2013Jan. 19, 1947, cat. 10.\n\nNorthampton, Mass., Smith College Museum of Art, Winslow Homer: Illustrator, Feb. 1951; Williamstown, Mass., Lawrence Art Museum, Williams College, cat. 30.\n\nLos Angeles Municipal Gallery, Barnsdall Park, The American Scene 1710\u20131940, Apr. 17\u2013May 6, 1956.\n\nWashington DC, National Gallery of Art, Smithsonian Institution, Winslow Homer, A Retrospective Exhibition, Nov. 23, 1958\u2013Jan. 4, 1959, cat. 9; New York City, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Jan. 29\u2013Mar. 8, 1959; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Mar\u2013May 1959.\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/exhibitions\/4071\/two-centuries-of-american-art-1750-1950\"><em>Two Centuries of American Art, 1750-1950<\/em><\/a>, Oct. 1, 1959\u2013Jan. 10, 1960, no cat. [downloadable checklist available].\n\nArt Institute of Chicago, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artic.edu\/exhibitions\/6679\/junior-museum-america-and-the-artist\"><em>Junior Museum: America and the Artist<\/em><\/a>, Aug. 1, 1975\u2013July 9, 1978, no cat.\n\nNew Haven, Yale University Art Gallery, Winslow Homer: The Croquet Game, Apr. 18\u2013June 24, 1984; Washington DC, Corcoran Gallery, July 14\u2013Sept. 16, 1984; Buffalo, New York, Albright\u2013Knox Art Gallery, Sept. 29\u2013Nov. 25, 1984; Art Institute of Chicago, Dec. 8, 1984\u2013Feb. 3, 1985; New York, National Academy of Design, Mar. 7\u2013May 5, 1985, cat. 29.\n\nWashington, DC, National Gallery of Art, <em>Winslow Homer<\/em>, Oct. 15, 1995\u2013Jan. 28, 1996, cat.; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Feb. 21\u2013May 26, 1996; New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, June 17\u2013Sept. 22, 1996. \n\nMetropolitan Museum of Art, American Stories: Paintings of Everyday Life, 1765\u20131915, Oct. 12, 2009\u2013Jan. 24, 2010; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Feb. 28\u2013May 23, 2010.\n\nWorcester, MA, Worcester Art Museum, Coming Away: Winslow Homer and England, Nov. 11, 2017\u2013Feb. 4, 2018; Milwaukee Art Museum, Mar. 2\u2013May 20, 2018, cat. 11.","provenance_text":"William Sumner Appleton, Boston, from 1871 to 1903; by descent to William Sumner Appleton, Jr., Boston, from 1903. C.C. Childes, Boston, by 1941; sold through M. Knoedler & Co., New York, to the Art Institute of Chicago, 1942.","edition":null,"publishing_verification_level":"Web Cataloged","internal_department_id":21,"fiscal_year":null,"fiscal_year_deaccession":null,"is_public_domain":true,"is_zoomable":true,"max_zoom_window_size":-1,"copyright_notice":null,"has_multimedia_resources":false,"has_educational_resources":false,"has_advanced_imaging":false,"colorfulness":39.2374,"color":{"h":7,"l":33,"s":76,"percentage":0.05942759891689154,"population":257},"latitude":null,"longitude":null,"latlon":null,"is_on_view":true,"on_loan_display":null,"gallery_title":"Gallery 273","gallery_id":21434,"nomisma_id":null,"artwork_type_title":"Painting","artwork_type_id":1,"department_title":"Arts of the Americas","department_id":"PC-3","artist_id":34988,"artist_title":"Winslow Homer","alt_artist_ids":[],"artist_ids":[34988],"artist_titles":["Winslow Homer"],"category_ids":["PC-831","PC-3"],"category_titles":["Essentials","Arts of the Americas"],"term_titles":["painting","oil paint (paint)","Impressionism","fashion","oil painting","Realism","organic material","american arts","women","weather\/seasons","leisure","men","painting (image making)","Modernism"],"style_id":"TM-7543","style_title":"Impressionism","alt_style_ids":["TM-7548","TM-5981"],"style_ids":["TM-7543","TM-7548","TM-5981"],"style_titles":["Impressionism","Realism","Modernism"],"classification_id":"TM-9","classification_title":"painting","alt_classification_ids":["TM-2191"],"classification_ids":["TM-9","TM-2191"],"classification_titles":["painting","american arts"],"subject_id":"TM-8663","alt_subject_ids":["TM-8735","TM-10095","TM-10094","TM-10121"],"subject_ids":["TM-8663","TM-8735","TM-10095","TM-10094","TM-10121"],"subject_titles":["fashion","women","weather\/seasons","leisure","men"],"material_id":"TM-2451","alt_material_ids":["TM-2601"],"material_ids":["TM-2451","TM-2601"],"material_titles":["oil paint (paint)","organic material"],"technique_id":"TM-4273","alt_technique_ids":["TM-3891"],"technique_ids":["TM-4273","TM-3891"],"technique_titles":["oil painting","painting (image making)"],"theme_titles":["Essentials"],"image_id":"f7b2db45-f393-653c-07ef-84319b0cdb92","alt_image_ids":[],"document_ids":[],"sound_ids":[],"video_ids":[],"text_ids":[],"section_ids":[],"section_titles":[],"site_ids":[],"suggest_autocomplete_boosted":"Croquet Scene","suggest_autocomplete_all":[{"input":["1942.35"],"contexts":{"groupings":["accession"]}},{"input":["Croquet Scene"],"weight":15635,"contexts":{"groupings":["title"]}}],"source_updated_at":"2026-09-01T14:17:31-05:00","updated_at":"2026-09-02T15:20:50-05:00","timestamp":"2026-09-06T05:51:21-05:00"},"info":{"license_text":"The `description` field in this response is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License (CC-By) and the Terms and Conditions of artic.edu. 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